Military shelter is a movable cabin body assembled by sandwich panel to load military equipment and personnel and provide required working conditions and environmental protection. It is suitable to be used as a carrier and workshop for weapon equipment system, command and communication center, technical support and logistic support equipment, as well as various military equipment and personnel. It is widely used in command, control, reconnaissance, detection, communication, electronic countermeasures, secret information, cultural propaganda, power station, testing and testing, maintenance, spare parts storage and transportation, rescue, service operations, meteorology, metrology, military supplies, medical and health, camping life and other fields.

Features of a shelter Definition of a shelter A shelter is a "self-contained compartment with a certain protective capacity, which can provide a suitable working environment for personnel and equipment and facilitate the implementation of multiple modes of transport." As a weapon and equipment system, command and communication center, technical support equipment and all kinds of military personnel loading carrier and work room, it is widely used in all military and arms. With the continuous expansion of the application scope of the shelter and the continuous development of technology, the importance of the standardization of the shelter is increasingly reflected. It should: have certain stiffness, strength and service life, can be used as an independent workshop, and provide suitable living and working environment for personnel and equipment; Suitable for a variety of transportation modes; It has the function of quick loading and unloading. According to the above definition and analysis, the main differences between the cabin and the van are as follows: "The cabin is suitable for a variety of transportation and has the function of rapid loading and unloading". Because of these two functions, the development space of the cabin car is larger and the application range is wider than that of the van. Although the size series of the shelter is derived from the container size series, there are essential differences between the shelter and the container, mainly in that the shelter is based on the working environment that ADAPTS to the use and operation of personnel and equipment, while the container is based on the loading and transportation of goods, with different performance and different application objects. After more than 30 years of exploration and application, the use function of the shelter has been increasing. From the beginning, it could only carry general military equipment, to the present use scope basically includes all the functions of the van. And further to a higher level of development. For example: high shielding shelter, stealth shelter, bullet-proof shelter, explosion-proof shelter and so on. According to the use function of the shelter, it can be divided into four categories: electronic, mechanical, power and other categories. Electronic cabins mainly include: Reconnaissance square square, microwave communication, data communication application interference station square, lead a much tank, command and control application, radar control application, information processing application, information processing and information collection and application, photoelectric jamming square, square, image transmission center square, meteorological application, inspection application, measurement and control application, confidential square, demo application, monitoring application, test application, etc.; Mechanical shelters mainly include: fuel equipment repair shelters, aircraft emergency repair shelters, test and maintenance shelters, reconnaissance vehicle maintenance simulation training shelters, field maintenance units, motor station loading shelters, motor maintenance equipment cabins, radar equipment cabins, ship equipment maneuvering support shelters, etc. Power supply shelters mainly include: 24 kW power station and vehicle refitting and shelter, 12 kW power station main engine shelter, air intelligence radar supporting power station shelter (single unit and double unit), 75 kW power station shelter and other power station shelters, etc. Other types of shelter mainly include: Battle quick support medical support system, ammunition carrier square, training equipment application, general air rushing, Lord, fusi processing square, field cooking application, medical application, cultural square, survey equipment application, life safeguard square, frozen cold storage application refers to do not belong to the three purposes such as the category of military application, According to the structure, the shelter is divided into: skeleton shelter and large plate shelter; Among them, the large board cabin is divided into: large board cabin with beam and large board cabin without beam; There are large beam and plate shelters divided into: standard shelter, corner cutting shelter, light shelter, expansion shelter, bridge shelter, shielding shelter, special shelter; The expansion cabin is divided into two types: hardwall expansion and non-hardwall expansion; Hardwall expansion shelter is further divided into: unilateral flap expansion, bilateral flap expansion, unilateral pull extension, bilateral pull extension, up and down pull extension, etc. The expansion methods are: hydraulic expansion, electric expansion, manual mechanical power expansion and so on. Special cabin refers to the outer form of step type, rotary type and combined type of cabin. Bridge cabin refers to the car chassis tires in the cabin has a raised cover structure.

The structure of the cabin body is generally divided into two types: skeleton type and large plate type. Framing the early stages of square is rushing production and its structure characteristics is the use of steel or aluminum welded metal frame, with the outer skin, from spray flame retardant polyurethane bubbles, to that of the outer skin glue, because when spraying the surface uneven, so still need to smooth processing, generally need to be done manually, bad quality guarantee, After the completion of a layer of metal or non-metallic plate riveting from the inside, such as decorative plate, aluminum plate, etc., and then added welding corner pieces or rings for lifting use. This kind of shelter is characterized by large mass, small load-weight ratio and poor shielding performance, so it can only be used as a general loading carrier. Cabins of this structure soon became obsolete. The main feature of the large plate square cabin is that the outer skin and inner skin of the whole surface are used to make the whole composite plate first, and then the six composite plates are assembled together with inner and outer cladding edges to form a complete hexahedron. At present, there are two kinds of technology for the production of large plate shelter: one is the use of large plate perfusion foaming technology, and the other is the use of large plate bonding technology. At present, several major domestic cabin manufacturers adopt large-plate bonding technology, which has the following advantages: foam board has good visibility and no cavitation phenomenon; Uniform density of foam board can be controlled; The thickness and shape of foam board can be machined. The change of hull type The change of hull type is due to the extension of the function of the shelter and the limitation of transportation conditions. From the beginning of the simple long, square hexahedral box type to now a variety of types, generally summed up as: extended, detachable, pull-out, rotary, angular cutting, special-shaped shelter and shelter combination equipment system, etc. Extended shelters are characterized by the same size as non-extended shelters during transportation, which can be expanded during work to increase the usable area. The expanded cabin is divided into single expansion type (one side expansion) and double expansion type (both sides expansion). Detachable cabin Detachable cabin mainly means that some components on the cabin can be disassembled, the components of several cabins can be combined into a large cabin, and the components of several cabins can be combined into a unit cabin during transportation. This kind of cabin type modular mobile room. Pull-out type of shelter pull-out type of shelter can also be classified as an expansion type of shelter, with the characteristics of expansion. It is composed of two parts, the main cabin and drawer cabin. When expanded, the drawer cabin is pulled out from the main cabin and is in a limited position at the limit. The periphery is sealed with sealing strips and the drawer cabin is supported by leveling legs. Rotary shelter is usually transported on a special chassis, and a transmission seat is installed on the chassis. The cabin rotates through the movement of the transmission seat. The rotation Angle can be determined according to the operation requirements, or the rotation and pitching can be combined. Angular cutting type square cabin is limited by the limit of transport size. On the basis of right Angle square cabin, both sides of the top are cut off to prevent the whole vehicle from exceeding the limit. The shape of the shaped square cabin body can be in different shapes such as step shape, arc shape or local convex and concave shape. Cabin combination equipment system A cabin combination equipment system is a group of cabins composed of several cabins to complete the function of the equipment system. A shelter group may be composed of shelters of different types and sizes connected in parallel or in series through channels or tents. Each unit cabin can complete its own function independently or together with other cabins to realize the overall function. After more than 30 years of exploration and application, the development of the shelter has made great progress and development, but compared with foreign advanced countries, there is still a big gap in electromagnetic shielding, chemical prevention and elimination, bullet-proof and explosion-proof, anti-reconnaissance technology and so on. Improve the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of modern battlefield, military application is one of the main equipment used in electronic equipment work platform, with the development of electronic technology, more and more sophisticated electronic equipment, such as command and control system, communication system, the detecting and early warning systems, radar systems installed on the application, these electronic devices can play their role, Decided the outcome of the war to a large extent. These devices, which are usually made of transistors or integrated circuits, are vulnerable to electromagnetic interference and damage by electromagnetic pulses, so the shelter must provide adequate electromagnetic shielding for the electronics inside. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to the electromagnetic shielding design of military cabin. At present, the electromagnetic shield design of the US military on the shelter has been quite mature, the attenuation of the electromagnetic shield can reach more than 60 decibels, and the high requirement is even more than 80 decibels, but there is still some difficulty in the extended military shelter. It is more difficult to achieve high shielding attenuation in extended cabins than in non-extended cabins due to the number of joints. From the Gulf War of the early 1990s and the recent Iraq War, it is not hard to see that war is fought in all fields, and future wars are difficult to distinguish between front and rear. Military shelters can be attacked even if they are not positioned in front positions. Air strike force is one of the most important forces to win the war. The development of precision guided weapons and equipment of air strike force greatly enhance the firepower intensity of destruction on the battlefield in the future. With the continuous development and increasing usage of precision-guided weapons in Western countries, as well as the development of various missiles in the forward development of explosive bombs and submunitions, tens of thousands of fragments can be formed after the missile explosion to fly to the target in groups, and the future battlefield cabin equipment will be threatened by unprecedented firepower. Can assert that the can't achieve the information superiority and the air, under the condition of application equipment if giving shrapnel and small arms ammunition shooting, in personnel and equipment is difficult to normal play a combat role, therefore, strengthening military application of siding against overpressure and make its have certain scored ability is important in the development of application in the future work, And should regard it as one of the emphases of near, medium and long - term development. With the rapid development of science and technology, a variety of viewing instruments and detection systems in modern warfare, such as radar, infrared night vision instrument, laser detector, etc., are increasingly increasing and their performance is more perfect. Ordinary weapons and soldiers are more likely to be discovered by the enemy and their security is greatly reduced. In addition, various missiles with "eyes" have become more and more serious threats, so stealth technology is also becoming the main content of arms competition among countries. In recent years, stealth technology has been rapidly developed, especially in the infrared stealth technology and radar stealth technology, marking the development of stealth technology of various stealth fighters, stealth reconnaissance aircraft, stealth frigate appeared in the sky and ocean. Camouflage is an important symbol of a country's camouflage technology level, and has become a common method for our army and military weapons and equipment to prevent reconnaissance detection. As one of the most basic camouflage measures, it designs camouflage patterns according to the color and texture characteristics of the background of the military target, and uses camouflage paint to copy the camouflage patterns on the surface of the target, so as to imitate the background in color and texture or to divide the contour of the target, so as to reduce the exposure signs and detectability of the military target. At present, traditional camouflage has been developed and applied for nearly a century. In practical application, it adopts three camouflage modes, protection, imitation and deformation, according to different objectives and background characteristics. Because the active area of weapons and equipment often changes, deformation camouflage is usually adopted. These traditional camouflage colors are mainly composed of large irregular spots or stripes, with large spots, smooth edges and strong visual discrimination, which are mainly suitable for photographic reconnaissance against close range and low resolution, low-light night vision and near-infrared photographic reconnaissance. However, with the unprecedented development of modern detection technology, the resolution of high-tech aerial or satellite imaging reconnaissance is up to 0.1 meters, so the traditional camouflage has been difficult to deal with high-resolution aerial and satellite imaging reconnaissance. Therefore, the new technology of digital camouflage came into being. In the future battlefield, various thermal infrared imaging reconnaissance equipment will be widely used, so the camouflage must have the ability to resist thermal infrared imaging reconnaissance; Due to the POSSIBILITY OF LONG-DISTANCE cross-AREA mobile operation under the condition of information warfare, the camouflage camouflage must have the ability to change timely with the changes of the active area, season and weather, so as to realize the full time domain high integration with the dynamic background, so the application prospect of digital camouflage is broad. In short, in the future high-tech war reconnaissance equipment performance improvement, more and more the earth threatens the safety of military special involving cars, in order to guarantee the battlefield reconnaissance, command and uninterrupted radar in front of the guarantee the safety of conductor square and radar application for application in development stealth design and application in service for the transformation is imminent. Therefore, a multifunctional stealth material technology that can effectively control its characteristic signals (visible light, near infrared, far infrared, laser and millimeter wave) is urgently needed. So the stealth technology of military special modified vehicle becomes more and more important and necessary